Pirólisis analítica y espectroscopía infrarroja para el estudio de la composición química de la madera

Abstract

The growing wooden search of high quality, with smaller variability of its properties and bigger yield, places a great pressure at the level of the sustainable development of the forest that goes among others by the qualitative improvement of the log. In this sense they are developed projects of genetic improvement at the moment, essentially guided for the matter obtaining it prevails of better quality for the industry of pasta for paper. In the programs of improvement in that it is necessary the analysis of many samples, the introduction of parameters like the chemical composition of the wood, induce to the development of expedite methods of characterization, reproducibles and of low cost, once the traditional methods are slow, they require a lot of manpower and they are of high cost. In this work diverse techniques were used for the chemical characterization of the wood of Pinus caribaea var. caribaea coming from three towns of the Pinar del Río (Cajálbana, Marbajita and Malas Aguas), Cuba. The extractive were determined in three solvents (diclorometane, ethanol and water); the analytic pyrolysis was used for the determination of the content and the quality of the lignina (h/g) and of the ratio cP-cH. The the near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was used to estimate or to correlate the chemical properties that were determined by different methods. The statistical analysis didn’t report significant differences for the parameters studied among the towns.