Use protocol for non-wood forest products of vegetable origin. Case study
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Abstract
The sustainable use of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) is essential to conserve biodiversity, strengthen local economies and ensure the well-being of communities that depend on these resources, promoting a balance between human development and the protection of forest ecosystems. The unsustainable use of plant-based NTFP in the semi-deciduous forest on acid soil in Moreiro (Cuba) is due to the indiscriminate collection of specimens and has generated anthropogenic disturbances that affect the integrity of the ecosystem. We defined a protocol for the sustainable use of these resources, guaranteeing their conservation and the socioeconomic benefit of local communities. A floristic inventory was carried out on 150 hectares, with the identification of 57 forest species, of which 52.6% provide NTFP. Using ethnobotanical techniques, such as participant observation and interviews with 41 inhabitants, eight categories of NTFP (foliage, flowers, fruits, bark, among others) and six uses (medicinal, artisanal, religious, etc.) were classified, highlighting those with significant value (greater than 20% of the species). Damages such as defoliation, trunk denudation and root removal were observed, evidencing the need for regulation. The proposed protocol included four steps: determination of biological and productive parameters, definition of areas and volumes of collection, monitoring of the impact, and establishment of segmented marketing strategies. It was concluded that the protocol allows for sustainable management, integrating local development strategies and mitigating the negative impacts of indiscriminate collection.
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